The Copyright Office has published guidelines for copyright notice placement on certain works, such as books, audiovisual works, and pictorial or graphic works. Generally, a copyright notice is sufficient as long as the notice is visible to an ordinary user of the work under normal conditions of use. The location of the copyright notice is up to you. Including "all rights reserved" is optional, however, as is the use of the copyright symbol at all, because you already hold these exclusive rights by virtue of your automatic copyright ownership. This phrase indicates to the public that you hold all rights to make copies of your work, prepare derivative works based on your work, sell or distribute copies of your work, and display your work publicly. If you wish, you can also include the additional phrase "All rights reserved" at the end of your copyright notice. Typically, a copyright notice uses either the © symbol, the word "copyright," or the abbreviation “copr.," followed by the year you first published the work and your name name. You can use any form of notice to identify your work because doing so is not a mandatory requirement for copyright protection. Nonetheless, using the copyright symbol and your name in connection with your work helps to identify you as its owner and puts the public on notice that your work has copyright protection.Īs long as you own a valid copyright, you can use the © symbol in connection with your work, regardless of whether you registered your work with the U.S. For works first published after March 1, 1989, use of the copyright symbol is optional. Before March 1, 1989, copyright owners had to use a copyright notice on all published works (i.e. Regardless of whether you decide to register your work, you do not have to use the copyright symbol to obtain copyright protection for it such protection is automatic.
#Registered copyright symbol text registration#
However, it is a good idea to register your work, as registration provides a copyright owner additional legal rights and protections in the event of copyright infringement. Registering Work with the Copyright OfficeĬopyright protection is automatic for a protected work as soon as the artist or author creates it registration is not necessary. If you have created a copyrightable work, you can use the copyright symbol, which consists of a "circle c" mark (©), in connection with your work. Some materials are not copyrightable, including ideas, procedures, processes, titles, names, slogans, familiar symbols or designs, and general fonts or lettering. placed in a form where you can see, read, or hear it). The work must be fixed in a tangible medium of expression (i.e.
Works eligible for copyright protection include books, movies, songs, photos, artistic creations, Web content, choreography, poetry, and writing. A copyright protects original creative works.
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